Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1 xyoo 2022 yog Hnub AIDS Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 35. UNAIDS lees paub lub ntsiab lus ntawm Hnub AIDS Thoob Ntiaj Teb xyoo 2022 yog "Sib npaug".Lub ntsiab lus no lub hom phiaj yog los txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab kho tus kab mob AIDS, tawm tswv yim rau tag nrho lub zej zog kom teb rau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis tus kab mob AIDS, thiab koom ua ke tsim thiab sib koom ib puag ncig kev noj qab haus huv.
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm United Nations Program on AIDS, txij li xyoo 2021, muaj 1.5 lab tus neeg mob HIV tshiab thoob ntiaj teb, thiab 650,000 tus neeg yuav tuag los ntawm cov kab mob ntsig txog AIDS. Kev sib kis thoob plaws AIDS yuav ua rau muaj qhov nruab nrab ntawm 1 tus neeg tuag ib feeb.
01 AIDS yog dab tsi?
AIDS kuj hu ua "Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome". Nws yog ib yam kab mob sib kis los ntawm tus kab mob HIV (immune system deficiency virus), uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm ntau tus T lymphocytes thiab ua rau tib neeg lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob. T lymphocytes yog cov hlwb tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm tib neeg lub cev. AIDS ua rau tib neeg muaj kev phom sij rau ntau yam kab mob thiab ua rau muaj feem yuav mob qog nqaij hlav, vim tias cov neeg mob T-cells raug rhuav tshem, thiab lawv txoj kev tiv thaiv kab mob qis heev. Tam sim no tsis muaj kev kho rau tus kab mob HIV, uas txhais tau tias tsis muaj kev kho rau AIDS.
02 Cov tsos mob ntawm kev kis tus kab mob HIV
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob AIDS muaj xws li kub taub hau tas li, qaug zog, mob lymphadenopathy tas li, thiab poob phaus ntau dua 10% hauv 6 lub hlis. Cov neeg mob AIDS uas muaj lwm yam tsos mob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov tsos mob ntawm kev ua pa xws li hnoos, mob hauv siab, ua pa nyuaj, thiab lwm yam. Cov tsos mob ntawm txoj hnyuv: tsis xav noj dab tsi, xeev siab, ntuav, raws plab, thiab lwm yam. Lwm yam tsos mob: kiv taub hau, mob taub hau, tsis teb, lub hlwb tsis zoo, thiab lwm yam.
03 Txoj Kev Sib Kis Kab Mob AIDS
Muaj peb txoj kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev kis tus kab mob HIV: kev sib kis los ntawm cov ntshav, kev sib kis los ntawm kev sib deev, thiab kev sib kis los ntawm niam mus rau menyuam.
(1) Kev sib kis ntawm cov ntshav: Kev sib kis ntawm cov ntshav yog txoj kev sib kis ncaj qha tshaj plaws. Piv txwv li, kev sib koom siv cov koob txhaj tshuaj, cov qhov txhab tshiab raug cov ntshav lossis cov khoom ntshav uas muaj tus kab mob HIV, kev siv cov khoom siv uas muaj tus kab mob rau kev txhaj tshuaj, kev siv koob txhaj tshuaj, kev rho hniav, kev kos duab rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, kev tho pob ntseg, thiab lwm yam. Tag nrho cov mob no muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis tus kab mob HIV.
(2) Kev Sib Kis Los Ntawm Kev Sib Deev: Kev sib kis los ntawm kev sib deev yog txoj kev sib kis kab mob HIV uas feem ntau tshwm sim. Kev sib deev ntawm cov neeg sib deev nrog txiv neej lossis poj niam lossis poj niam tuaj yeem ua rau kis tau tus kab mob HIV.
(3) Kev sib kis ntawm niam mus rau menyuam: Cov niam uas muaj tus kab mob HIV kis tus kab mob HIV rau tus menyuam thaum cev xeeb tub, yug menyuam lossis pub niam mis tom qab yug menyuam.
04 Kev daws teeb meem
Macro & Micro-Test tau koom tes nrog kev tsim cov khoom siv kuaj mob sib kis, thiab tau tsim cov khoom siv kuaj mob HIV (Fluorescence PCR). Cov khoom siv no yog tsim rau kev kuaj mob RNA ntawm tus kab mob HIV hauv cov qauv serum/plasma. Nws tuaj yeem saib xyuas qib tus kab mob HIV hauv cov ntshav ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj tus kab mob HIV thaum lub sijhawm kho mob. Nws muab cov cuab yeej pab rau kev kuaj mob thiab kho cov neeg mob uas muaj tus kab mob HIV.
| Lub Npe Khoom | Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb |
| Cov Khoom Siv Tshawb Xyuas Kab Mob HIV (Fluorescence PCR) | 50 qhov kev kuaj/pawg khoom siv |
Cov txiaj ntsig
(1)Kev tswj hwm sab hauv tau muab tso rau hauv lub kaw lus no, uas tuaj yeem saib xyuas cov txheej txheem sim thiab xyuas kom meej qhov zoo ntawm DNA kom tsis txhob muaj cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo.
(2)Nws siv kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm PCR amplification thiab fluorescent probes.
(3)Kev rhiab heev: LoD ntawm cov khoom siv yog 100 IU / mL, LoQ ntawm cov khoom siv yog 500 IU / mL.
(4)Siv cov khoom siv los kuaj qhov kev siv HIV hauv tebchaws uas tau diluted, nws cov coefficient linear correlation (r) yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua 0.98.
(5)Qhov sib txawv kiag li ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev kuaj pom (lg IU / mL) ntawm qhov tseeb yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj ± 0.5.
(6)Kev tshwj xeeb siab: tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov kab mob lossis cov kab mob xws li: tib neeg cytomegalovirus, EB virus, tib neeg immunodeficiency virus, kab mob siab B, kab mob siab A, syphilis, herpes simplex virus hom 1, herpes simplex virus hom 2, influenza A virus, staphylococcus aureus, candida albicans, thiab lwm yam.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Ob Hlis-01-2022