1 dab tsi yog malaria
Malaria yog ib yam kab mob uas tiv thaiv tau thiab kho tau, feem ntau hu ua "shakes" thiab "tshuaj ua npaws", thiab nws yog ib qho ntawm cov kab mob sib kis uas ua rau tib neeg txoj sia nyob thoob ntiaj teb.
Malaria yog kab mob kis los ntawm kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tom ntawm Anopheles los yog hloov ntshav los ntawm cov neeg uas muaj plasmodium.
Muaj plaub hom plasmodium parasitic ntawm tib neeg lub cev:
2 thaj chaw muaj kabmob sib kis
Txog rau tam sim no, kev kis tus kabmob npaws thoob ntiaj teb tseem hnyav heev, thiab kwv yees li 40% ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov pejxeem nyob hauv thaj chaw malaria.
Malaria tseem yog tus kab mob loj tshaj plaws nyob rau sab av loj African, muaj li ntawm 500 lab tus tib neeg nyob hauv thaj chaw malaria. Txhua xyoo, kwv yees li 100 lab tus tib neeg thoob ntiaj teb muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob malaria, 90% ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv tebchaws African, thiab ntau dua 2 lab tus tib neeg tuag los ntawm malaria txhua xyoo. Sab hnub tuaj thiab nruab nrab Asia kuj yog thaj chaw uas malaria muaj ntau heev. Malaria tseem muaj nyob rau hauv Central thiab South America.
Thaum Lub Rau Hli 30, 2021, WHO tshaj tawm tias Tuam Tshoj tau lees paub tias tsis muaj kab mob malaria.
3 txoj kev kis tus kab mob malaria
01. Kab mob yoov tshaj cum
Txoj kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib kis:
Tom los ntawm yoov tshaj cum nqa plasmodium.
02. Kev xa ntshav
Congenital malaria tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov placenta puas los yog cov ntshav niam muaj kab mob plasmodium thaum yug.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tseem tuaj yeem kis tus kabmob malaria los ntawm kev xa cov ntshav uas muaj plasmodium.
4 Tej yam tshwm sim ntawm malaria
Los ntawm tib neeg tus kab mob nrog plasmodium mus rau qhov pib (qhov kub ntawm qhov ncauj tshaj 37.8 ℃), nws yog hu ua lub sij hawm incubation.
Lub sij hawm incubation suav nrog tag nrho lub sij hawm infrared thiab thawj lub voj voog ntawm lub sij hawm liab. General vivax malaria, ovoid malaria rau 14 hnub, falciparum malaria rau 12 hnub, thiab malaria peb hnub rau 30 hnub.
Cov kab mob sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob protozoa, cov kab mob sib txawv, kev tiv thaiv tib neeg sib txawv thiab cov kab mob sib txawv tuaj yeem ua rau lub sijhawm sib txawv.
Muaj cov kab mob hu ua ntev latency kab mob nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam kub, uas tuaj yeem ntev li 8 ~ 14 lub hlis.
Lub sij hawm incubation ntawm kev kis kab mob yog 7 ~ 10 hnub. Fetal malaria muaj lub sijhawm luv luv.
Lub sijhawm incubation tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv rau cov neeg muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob lossis cov uas tau noj tshuaj tiv thaiv.
5 Kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob
01. Malaria kis tau los ntawm yoov tshaj cum. Kev tiv thaiv tus kheej yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv yoov tshaj cum. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog sab nraum zoov, sim hnav khaub ncaws tiv thaiv, xws li lub tes tsho ntev thiab ris ntev. Cov tawv nqaij raug coated nrog yoov tshaj cum.
02. Ua haujlwm zoo hauv kev tiv thaiv tsev neeg, siv cov yoov tshaj cum, tshuaj ntsuam qhov rooj thiab cov ntxaij vab tshaus, thiab tshuaj tua yoov tshaj cum hauv chav pw ua ntej yuav mus pw.
03. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas ib puag ncig kev huv, tshem tawm cov khib nyiab thiab cov nroj tsuag, sau cov dej phwj tuaj, thiab ua haujlwm zoo hauv kev tswj yoov tshaj cum.
daws
Macro-Micro & Tyogtau tsim cov khoom siv tshawb nrhiav rau kev kuaj mob malaria, uas tuaj yeem siv rau fluorescence PCR platform, isothermal amplification platform thiab immunochromatography platform, thiab muab kev daws teeb meem tag nrho rau kev kuaj mob, kev saib xyuas kev kho mob thiab kev kuaj mob ntawm cov kab mob plasmodium:
01 / immunochromatographic platform
Plasmodium Falciparum / Plasmodium Vivax AntigenCov khoom siv kuaj pom
Plasmodium falciparum antigen detection cov khoom siv
Plasmodium antigen detection cov khoom siv
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev kuaj pom zoo thiab kev txheeb xyuas ntawm Plasmodium falciparum (PF), Plasmodium vivax (PV), Plasmodium ovatum (PO) lossis Plasmodium vivax (PM) hauv cov ntshav venous lossis capillary ntshav ntawm cov neeg muaj cov tsos mob malaria thiab cov cim qhia hauv vitro, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau kev kuaj mob plasma.
Kev ua haujlwm yooj yim: peb-kauj ruam txoj kev
Chav tsev kub cia thiab tsheb thauj mus los: Chav tsev kub thiab kev thauj mus los rau 24 lub hlis.
Cov txiaj ntsig raug: siab rhiab heev & tshwj xeeb.
02 / fluorescent PCR platform
Plasmodium nucleic acid nrhiav cov khoom siv
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev kuaj pom zoo thiab kev txheeb xyuas ntawm Plasmodium falciparum (PF), Plasmodium vivax (PV), Plasmodium ovatum (PO) lossis Plasmodium vivax (PM) hauv cov ntshav venous lossis capillary ntshav ntawm cov neeg muaj cov tsos mob malaria thiab cov cim qhia hauv vitro, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau kev kuaj mob plasma.
Internal reference quality control: saib xyuas cov txheej txheem sim kom paub tseeb tias qhov kev sim zoo.
Siab rhiab heev: 5 Daim ntawv / μL
Siab tshwj xeeb: tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob ua pa.
03 / Qhov kub thiab txias ua kom nrov platform.
Plasmodium nucleic acid nrhiav cov khoom siv
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev kuaj pom zoo ntawm plasmodium nucleic acid hauv cov ntshav peripheral uas xav tias kis tau los ntawm plasmodium.
Internal reference quality control: saib xyuas cov txheej txheem sim kom paub tseeb tias qhov kev sim zoo.
Siab rhiab heev: 5 Daim ntawv / μL
Siab tshwj xeeb: tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob ua pa.
Post lub sij hawm: Apr-26-2024